Shovel-plow



2 sheetssheet 1.

G. A. JACOBS.

(No Model.)

snovsn PLOIW.

No. 425,079. Patented Apr. 8, 1890.

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(No Model.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

G. A. JACOBS. SHOVEL PLOW.

No. 425,079. Patented Apr. 8. 1890.

- IIIHLIIIIlIiHIIFIHIII HJLIH HHYHI UNITED STATES PATENT @EEIGE.

GABRIEL A. JACOBS, OF RED CREEK, NEWV YORK.

SHOVEL-PLOW.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 425,079, dated April 8, 1890.

Application filed July 16, 1889- Seria1No.317,693. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

' Be it known that I, GABRIEL A. JACOBS, of Red Creek, in the county of Wayne and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Shovel-Flows, which improvement is fully set forth in the following specification and shown in the accompanying drawings.

The object of my invention is to effect an improvement in shovel-plows for cultivating,

.drilling, &c., the improvement being mainly in the construction of the parts by which the blade or shovel is permitted to yield or tilt when it encounters an undue resistance-as, for instance, a root of a tree or a stone. The parts are so constructed that when the shovel encounters such obstacle it will .trip and pass over the same and return automatically to its normal position and resume its work without any attention from the attendant and without stopping the plow. Various devices-such as spring-connections and breakpinshave been used for this purpose; but in my invention I employ instead a system of levers and connecting-rods, the invention being hereinafter fully described, and more particularly pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a sin gle-shovel plow with a single beam constructed in accordance with my invent-ion, parts being shown in two positions by full and dotted lines; and Fig. 2, a plan of the same. Fig. 3 is a plan showing the adaptation of my invention to a double shovel plow with two beams, Fig. 4 being a side elevation of the same. Figs. 5 and 5% show modifications. Fig. 6 is aplan of the forward parts of a four-beam wheel-plow with myimprovement attached, and Fig. 7 a side elevation of the same, parts being broken away and the axle transversely sectioned, as on the dotted line no in Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is a front elevation, (indicated by arrow yin Fig. 6,) the tongue being transversely sectioned, as on the dotted line 2; and Fig. 9, drawn to a larger scale, is avertical section of some of the parts taken on the axis of one of the equalizingbars. (View indicated by arrow 9 in Fig. 6.)

Referring to the parts shown in the drawings, A are the beams of the various forms of plows shown, those being preferably of iron curved to form.

B is the shovel or blade of the plow, and C a connecting rod or bar ordinarily placed under the beam A. Upon the rear surface of the shovel is rigidly secured a bracket a by bolts b, Fig. 1. This bracketis formed with baokwardlyextending lugs c c, to which the beam A and connecting-rod O are pivoted at d and 6, respectively. At the forward end of the beam draft-levers g g are pivoted on a horizontal pin f, the levers being joined to a draft-hook h, to which by common means the horse is attached. To the lower ends of the draft-levers the forward end of the connecting-rod O is pivoted on a pin 2'. Now, it will be understood that a forward pull upon the hook it will tend to throw the lower ends of the draftdevers g g backward, causing the curved part of the connectingrod 0 to bear against the beam A at k, serving to hold the shovel in a proper position for work. Should an unyielding obstacle Z be encountered by the point of the shovel, said point will temporarily stop, while the advance of the plow will carry the upper part of the shovel and other parts of the plow forward to the positions shown in dotted lines, Fig. 1. This will bring the shovel in a position to drag and allow it to be drawn over the obstacle, after passing which the action of thelevers g 9 will immediately return the shovel to its normal position. (Shown in full lines.)

Figs. 5 and 5% show modifications of this construction. In the former figure the connecting-rod O is placed above the beam, and is divided, the rear part a being pivoted to the beam at 0 and joined to the shovel at f by a pivot-joint. A forward pull at a will tend to throw the lower end of the part a back and hold the shovel in its normal position, while a resistance at the point of the shovel will tend to carry the lower end of the part a forward and bring the draft-lever g more nearly to a vertical position. Fig. 5% shows the beam forked at its forward end, with the draft-levers g g occupying a horizontal plane and pivoted, respectively, to the branches of the beam. At their inner ends the levers catch the connecting-rod C, which lies beneath the beam, as in the form shown in Fig. 1, the draft-rod a being connected with the levers by simple links 0 c. The principle that a checking of the advance of the point of the shovel tends to pull back on the draft rod and thrust the beam forward is common to all of these forms of construction, they being simple differences in the method of practically carrying the principle out.

When two beams are employed in a larger plow, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the draftlevers g g are connected by an evening-yoke r, to which the whiflletree D may be attached. In this case the connecting-rods C lie immediately beneath the beams and operate the same as in the single-beam plow shown in Fig. 1. An obstacle encountered by a shovel of either beam pulls the draft-lever g, to which it is connected, more nearly to a vertical position, causing the adjacent end of the evening-yoke '2' to swing relatively backward, giving a forward thrust to the beam. Ordinary handles G are employed on these plows.

\Vhere four beams are usedas, for instance, in a wheel-cultivator, (shown in Figs. 6 to 5),)- they are joined in pairs to heads .9, thence to the axle E. The pairs of beams are joined to their respective heads by vertical pins t, allowing for them a horizontal motion. In this construction the draft-levers g g are hung on pins f in the beams, and are respectively joined in pivot-joints to equalizing-bars '16 a, which in turn are respectively joined to the ends of the adjacent connecting-rods C. The joints between the levers g g and the bars a u, and between the latter and the connecting rods C (l, have curved bearings, as shown in Fig. 9, or are otherwise formed so as to allow of a kind of a universal movement of the various parts upon each other. This is to avoid any cramping of the parts as their relative positions may be changed on account of a tilting of any of the shovels in passing over obstacles, as above described. The axle E, which may be bowed at the middle, supports an ordinary tongue F, upon which is mounted an ordinary evener 1'. To the ends of the evener are loosely connected pendent levers w, to which the whiliietrees D D are attached. These pendent levers are connected with the respective draft-levers g g by the draft-rods a. By this construction the ability of each shovel to tilt over an obstacle is preserved even where four shovels are employed. For instance, supposing the second shovel from the right to be resisted, it will cause the left-hand end of the right-hand evening-bar u to move relatively forward, causing the upper end of the connected draft-lever g to swing backward, pulling with it the pendent lever w and the right-hand end of the evener 11. Should both of the shovels at the right be caught simultaneously, the effect on the right-hand parts g, a, and 11 would be similar, differing only in degree.

It will be understood that duplicate systems of bean1s,with the associated parts like those shown in Fig. 3, may be substituted for the pairs of beams shown in Fig. 6, the pins 15 of the heads 8 being made to pass through the respective holes 1) in the yoke 1'.

Vhat I claim as my invention is 1. In combination with the beam of a plow, a shovel joined to the beam by a flexible joint, a draft-lever pivoted at the forward end of the beam, and a connecting-rod joined to the draft-lever by a flexible joint and connected with the shovel in a flexible joint above the point at which the beam is connected with the shovel, substantially as shown.

9. In combination with the axle of a plow, beams connected in pairs with the axle, draftlevcrs pivoted to the respective pair of beams, equalizing-bars held by the respective draftlevers, connecting-rods pivoted to the respective equalizing-bars, draft'rods a a, pending levers 11* w, and evener t, substantially as shown.

3. In combination with a pair of plow-beams joined, draft-leyers g connecting-rods (I U, equalizing-yoke r, and a d raft-whi llletree, the yoke being joined to the respective draft-levers and to the whiilietrce by flexible joints, substantially as shown.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand, this 12th day of June, 1889, in the pres ence of two subscribing witnesses.

GABRIEL A. JACOBS.

\V itnesses:

IA'rmox MALONEY, Gnonon Ronnnrson. 

